tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2827472050497661940.post3834713901065148465..comments2024-03-28T08:58:32.775+01:00Comments on CROATIAN CENTER of RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES: Geotermalni izvori - gdje je zapelo ?!CROATIAN CENTER of RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCEShttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05011398290645757327noreply@blogger.comBlogger10125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2827472050497661940.post-22668558962568719832023-10-07T10:24:07.526+02:002023-10-07T10:24:07.526+02:00Kada je u pitanju najavljeni iznos investicija u g...Kada je u pitanju najavljeni iznos investicija u geotermalne izvore, razliku između 190 milijuna eura koliko će biti uloženo u istraživanje i 400 milijuna eura koliko je najavljeni ukupni iznos investicija, čini ulaganje u postrojenja iznad izvora poput elektrana, ako, naravno, bude pronađena geotermalna energija.<br /><br />- Na pet lokacija za koje smo početkom listopada izdali koncesije moći će se ostvariti godišnja proizvodnja električne energije od 600 tisuća megavatsati električne energije što je dostatno za opskrbu oko 200 tisuća kućanstava – ističe ministar gospodarstva i održivog razvoja Davor Filipović, ocjenjujući kako koncesioniranje spomenutih geotermalnih izvora ide po značaju za energetsku sliku države u rang s proširenjem LNG Terminala na Krku.<br /><br />Direktor AZU Marijan Krpan ističe kako se temeljem baze podataka koje Agencija ima o geotermalnim potencijalima države može govoriti o 43 lokacije s mogućim nalazištima za proizvodnju toplinske i 32 lokacije za proizvodnju električne energije.<br /><br />- Kada govorimo o interesu investitora za naše geotermalne potencijale, tvrtke koje na netom zaključenom natječaju nisu dobile istražna polja zainteresirane su za eventualne buduće lokacije i mi o tome vodimo računa u planiranju preliminarnih istraživanja o geotermalnim izvorima – napominje Krpan.<br /><br />Spomenuta preliminarna istraživanja AZU o geotermalnim izvorima biti će, kako doznajemo, sprovedena na području Velike Gorice, odnosno naselja Lomnica i Odra, te u okolini Osijeka. Još su četiri lokacije razmatrane za preliminarna istraživanja AZU, riječ je o Sisku, Vinkovcima, Zaprešiću i Vukovaru.<br /><br />Uključujući pet spomenutih istražnih polja danih u koncesije INA-i, ‘IgeoPenu‘ i ‘Violi‘, ukupno je trenutno u Hrvatskoj 28 istražnih polja za geotermalne izvore. Grijanje velikih naselja iz geotermalnih izvora, ističu u AZU, je budućnost jer je, među ostalim, iskoristivost energije dobijene iz ‘geotermi‘ preko 90 posto.CROATIAN CENTER of RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCEShttps://www.blogger.com/profile/05011398290645757327noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2827472050497661940.post-65953820743513838872023-10-07T10:23:26.899+02:002023-10-07T10:23:26.899+02:00Istraživanje geotermalnih izvora energije u Međimu...Istraživanje geotermalnih izvora energije u Međimurskoj, Koprivničko-križevačkoj, Virovitičko-podravskoj i Osječko-baranjskoj županiji u investiciji ukupne vrijednosti 400 milijuna eura, moglo bi započeti sredinom 2025., doznaje se u Agenciji za ugljikovodike (AZU).<br /><br />- Investitori prvo moraju ishoditi lokacijsku dozvolu, u proceduri koja traje između tri i četiri mjeseca, zatim slijede izrada studije utjecaja na okoliš te nabava opreme za istraživačke bušotine. Za nabavu opreme potrebno je između devet mjeseci i godine dana – pojašnjavaju u AZU. Spomenuti rokovi, ističu, nisu hrvatska specifičnost, kao ni, dodaju, predviđeno vrijeme bušenja koje obično traje 60 dana.<br /><br />Koncesije za istraživanje geotermalnih izvora energije početkom tekućeg mjesesa dobili su, podsjetimo, INA, ‘IgeoPen‘, iza kojeg stoji britanski ‘Star Energy Group‘ te ‘Viola Energy Generation‘ u vlasništvu turske korporacije ‘Soyak‘ koja je prije dvije godine već ishodila koncesiju za istraživanje geotermalnih izvora u općini Legrad u Koprivničko-križevačkoj županiji. Najveći interes ulagača, prema podacima AZU, zabilježen je za istražno polje ‘Lešćan‘ u Koprivničko-križevačkoj županiji koje je dobila INA ponudivši 91 milijun eura i instaliranje čak osam istražnih bušotina.<br /><br />- Koncesionar je u obvezi instalirati svih osam bušotina za vrijeme trajanje koncesija, koja je izdana na pet godina. S druge strane, dosadašnja praksa koncesionara je da na jednoj ili više bušotina, u slučaju pozitivnog ishoda bušenja na njima, počne s eksploatacijom još za vrijeme dozvole za istraživanje, odnosno i prije nego što instalira sve bušotine – pojašnjavaju u Agenciji.<br /><br />Istražno polje ‘Lešćan‘ povuklo je uvjerljivo najveću investiciju među šest istražnih polja koje je Ministarstvo gospodarstva i održivog razvoja ponudilo u ovom krugu davanja u koncesiju istraživanja geotermalnih izvora energije. Na istražnom polju ‘Pčelić‘ u Virovitičko-podravskoj županiji, koje je dobio ‘IgeoPen‘, biti će izgrađene tri bušotine i investirano 27 milijuna eura. Ista tvrtka dobila je i polje ‘Sječe‘ u Osječko-baranjskoj županiji ponudivši ulaganje u četiri bušotine ukupne vrijednosti 20 milijuna eura.<br /><br />Osim ‘Lešćana‘, INA će istraživati izvore geotermalne energije i na polju ‘Međimurje 5‘, gdje se obvezala na četiri bušotine i ulaganje od 27 milijuna eura. Peto istražno polje koje je privuklo interes ulagača je ‘Kotoriba‘ u Međimurskoj županiji koje je dobila ‘Viola Energy Generation‘ ponudivši 25 milijuna eura i izgradnju dvije bušotine.<br /><br />- Ukupno je 11 tvrtki s 16 ponuda sudjelovalo u natjecanju za koncesije, a jedino polje za koje nije bilo interesa je ‘Ferdinandovac‘ u Virovitičko-podravskoj županiji – navode u AZU.CROATIAN CENTER of RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCEShttps://www.blogger.com/profile/05011398290645757327noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2827472050497661940.post-69753846467011751092015-02-09T08:51:19.318+01:002015-02-09T08:51:19.318+01:00100% RENEWABLE
Geothermal power is based on heat e...100% RENEWABLE<br />Geothermal power is based on heat energy stored underneath the ground. This intense heat is trapped in enormous quantities inside water reservoirs in the earth’s crust. In fact, it is considered essentially limitless.<br /><br />The superheated aquifers tapped for geothermal production are continually replenished by geologic forces originating in the core of the planet. These inexhaustible natural processes make geothermal energy an eminently renewable resource.<br /><br /> CLEAN-BURNING AND LOW-EMISSION<br />Geothermal energy is considered clean because it can be extracted and converted without burning any fossil fuels. The ‘emissions’ from a geothermal plant are mainly benign water vapors.<br /><br />For evidence, we can look to Iceland whose capital Reykjavik—where 95 percent of buildings are geothermally heated—is considered one of the world’s cleanest cities.<br /><br /> HIGH ENERGY POTENTIAL<br />Oil and other ‘fossil’ fuels are just that—finite fossils that took a long time to form millions of years ago. As a result, there is only so much valuable oil we can extract from identified reserves. At some point, it could simply become cost-ineffective to drill for what’s left of the world’s petroleum—not to mention prohibitively destructive of the global climate.<br /><br />Geothermal resources have astonishing energy potential by comparison, estimated at 2 terawatts globally—about 15,000 times more than estimated worldwide oil reserves.<br /><br /> SCALABLE PRODUCTION<br />Some level of geothermal energy is available in most places. There is potential for geothermal development throughout the United States, and the process is highly scalable.<br /><br />Geothermal lends itself to large and commercial-scale plant operations as well as local and residential applications in the form of ground pump heating and cooling systems. Smaller operations are cheaper and can be dug at shallower levels, while large geothermal power plants can efficiently convert huge amounts of heat into electricity to feed the grid.<br /><br /> BASE LOAD STABILITY<br />Unlike renewables such as solar and wind power, geothermal energy maintains an ideal stability night and day, regardless of lighting and wind conditions. That makes it eligible to supply base load electricity to the grid.<br /><br />The base load forms the primary bulk of demand for a grid’s electricity. A reliable and constant supply of power is required to meet this demand. Geothermal’s inherent stability also carries over to the price of electricity, which would see less cost fluctuation.<br />CROATIAN CENTER of RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCEShttps://www.blogger.com/profile/05011398290645757327noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2827472050497661940.post-49239365520043814272015-02-09T08:51:10.233+01:002015-02-09T08:51:10.233+01:00LIGHT ON CARBON
A geothermal system is an excellen...LIGHT ON CARBON<br />A geothermal system is an excellent way to substantially reduce a building’s carbon footprint. Zoe Reich, an environmental specialist with engineering firm Edwards & Zuck, says a correctly installed geothermal pump system can shave a building’s utility costs by up to 60 percent.<br /><br />While geothermal energy is not entirely carbon-free, it releases a fraction as much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere as fossil fuels. Additionally, power is generated on-site at geothermal plants, saving the costly energy associated with transporting and processing pricey fuels.<br /><br /> LOW-MAINTENANCE VERSATILITY<br />Geothermal energy can replace both heating and cooling systems in buildings—and do both jobs more efficiently than conventional air-cooled systems. Why? Subsurface temperatures remain constant year-round.<br /><br />Moreover, the elegant operational simplicity of a typical system and the absence of carbon fouling due to combustion mean geothermal systems are easy to maintain.<br /><br /> SMART LAND USE<br />Geothermal energy has the smallest land footprint of any major power source. It doesn’t require much additional real estate—a boon in dense urban zones.<br /><br />Additionally, underground geothermal systems aren’t exposed to the elements. This is important during extreme weather as it protects crucial energy supplies from natural disasters that threaten aboveground units.<br /><br /> GREEN ECONOMY<br />The uncapped energy potential of hydrothermal reservoirs means there will never be anything like ‘peak geothermal.’ This has serious implications for job creation and the strength of the green economy.<br /><br />It takes a lot of workers to build and run geothermal power plants. Each phase of development represents valuable jobs for electricians, pipefitters, engineers, recruits from top geology programs, and more.CROATIAN CENTER of RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCEShttps://www.blogger.com/profile/05011398290645757327noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2827472050497661940.post-10933819788346246042015-02-09T08:50:02.718+01:002015-02-09T08:50:02.718+01:00LIGHT ON CARBON
A geothermal system is an excellen...LIGHT ON CARBON<br />A geothermal system is an excellent way to substantially reduce a building’s carbon footprint. Zoe Reich, an environmental specialist with engineering firm Edwards & Zuck, says a correctly installed geothermal pump system can shave a building’s utility costs by up to 60 percent.<br /><br />While geothermal energy is not entirely carbon-free, it releases a fraction as much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere as fossil fuels. Additionally, power is generated on-site at geothermal plants, saving the costly energy associated with transporting and processing pricey fuels.<br /><br /> LOW-MAINTENANCE VERSATILITY<br />Geothermal energy can replace both heating and cooling systems in buildings—and do both jobs more efficiently than conventional air-cooled systems. Why? Subsurface temperatures remain constant year-round.<br /><br />Moreover, the elegant operational simplicity of a typical system and the absence of carbon fouling due to combustion mean geothermal systems are easy to maintain.<br /><br /> SMART LAND USE<br />Geothermal energy has the smallest land footprint of any major power source. It doesn’t require much additional real estate—a boon in dense urban zones.<br /><br />Additionally, underground geothermal systems aren’t exposed to the elements. This is important during extreme weather as it protects crucial energy supplies from natural disasters that threaten aboveground units.<br /><br /> GREEN ECONOMY<br />The uncapped energy potential of hydrothermal reservoirs means there will never be anything like ‘peak geothermal.’ This has serious implications for job creation and the strength of the green economy.<br /><br />It takes a lot of workers to build and run geothermal power plants. Each phase of development represents valuable jobs for electricians, pipefitters, engineers, recruits from top geology programs, and more.CROATIAN CENTER of RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCEShttps://www.blogger.com/profile/05011398290645757327noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2827472050497661940.post-85498903376761763232015-02-09T08:48:35.590+01:002015-02-09T08:48:35.590+01:00100% RENEWABLE
Geothermal power is based on heat e...100% RENEWABLE<br />Geothermal power is based on heat energy stored underneath the ground. This intense heat is trapped in enormous quantities inside water reservoirs in the earth’s crust. In fact, it is considered essentially limitless.<br /><br />The superheated aquifers tapped for geothermal production are continually replenished by geologic forces originating in the core of the planet. These inexhaustible natural processes make geothermal energy an eminently renewable resource.<br /><br /> CLEAN-BURNING AND LOW-EMISSION<br />Geothermal energy is considered clean because it can be extracted and converted without burning any fossil fuels. The ‘emissions’ from a geothermal plant are mainly benign water vapors.<br /><br />For evidence, we can look to Iceland whose capital Reykjavik—where 95 percent of buildings are geothermally heated—is considered one of the world’s cleanest cities.<br /><br /> HIGH ENERGY POTENTIAL<br />Oil and other ‘fossil’ fuels are just that—finite fossils that took a long time to form millions of years ago. As a result, there is only so much valuable oil we can extract from identified reserves. At some point, it could simply become cost-ineffective to drill for what’s left of the world’s petroleum—not to mention prohibitively destructive of the global climate.<br /><br />Geothermal resources have astonishing energy potential by comparison, estimated at 2 terawatts globally—about 15,000 times more than estimated worldwide oil reserves.<br /><br /> SCALABLE PRODUCTION<br />Some level of geothermal energy is available in most places. There is potential for geothermal development throughout the United States, and the process is highly scalable.<br /><br />Geothermal lends itself to large and commercial-scale plant operations as well as local and residential applications in the form of ground pump heating and cooling systems. Smaller operations are cheaper and can be dug at shallower levels, while large geothermal power plants can efficiently convert huge amounts of heat into electricity to feed the grid.<br /><br /> BASE LOAD STABILITY<br />Unlike renewables such as solar and wind power, geothermal energy maintains an ideal stability night and day, regardless of lighting and wind conditions. That makes it eligible to supply base load electricity to the grid.<br /><br />The base load forms the primary bulk of demand for a grid’s electricity. A reliable and constant supply of power is required to meet this demand. Geothermal’s inherent stability also carries over to the price of electricity, which would see less cost fluctuation.<br />CROATIAN CENTER of RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCEShttps://www.blogger.com/profile/05011398290645757327noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2827472050497661940.post-46253926994150639832012-12-07T20:45:24.029+01:002012-12-07T20:45:24.029+01:00The Shallow Geothermal Family
Virtually every tem...The Shallow Geothermal Family<br /><br />Virtually every temperature level in the underground can be used for geothermal energy, even if this means only ca. 3-15°C, as is the norm in the shallow underground of European climate. In most cases a heat pump is required here, and cooling can be supplied as well as heating.<br />Geothermal Energy: A Local Answer, Ecological and Efficient, to Reduce Energy Costs<br /><br />A Renewable Energy:<br /><br /> an energy resource nearly infinite, delivering heat and power 24 hours a day throughout the year, and available all over the world<br /> energy supply by making use of the immense internal heat of the earth, and of the large thermal storage capacity of the ground<br /> friendly for the environment: contribution to the reduction of CO2<br /> very low visual impact - most of the infrastructure can be hidden beneath the ground<br /><br />A Safe and Controlled Technology:<br /><br /> not depending on climatic conditions<br /> proven and controlled technically: design, drillings,<br /> components (power plants, district heating, heat pumps)<br /> excellent feedback from leading countries<br /><br />An Energy Adaptable with High Performance:<br /><br /> an answer to different energy needs: electric power, heating, cooling, hot water<br /> modulated according to type of resource, to size and nature of equipments, and in order to meet demands<br /> for the heating sector: adaptable to old or new buildings, large or small, individual or district heating<br /><br />An Economically Sustainable Energy:<br /><br /> <br /><br /> large reduction of energy invoice<br /> long-term durability of installations<br /><br /> not sensitive to conventional energy prices - the earth will not send an invoice!<br />CROATIAN CENTER of RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCEShttps://www.blogger.com/profile/05011398290645757327noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2827472050497661940.post-67120634471233701082012-12-07T20:44:48.568+01:002012-12-07T20:44:48.568+01:00Per definition, geothermal energy is the energy st...Per definition, geothermal energy is the energy stored in the form of heat below the earth’s surface. It has been used since ancient times for heating, and for about 100 years also for electricity generation. Its potential is inexhaustible in human terms, comparable to that of the sun. Beside electric power generation, geothermal energy is today used for district heating, as well as for the heating (and cooling) of individual buildings, including offices, shops, small residential houses, etc.<br /><br />Geothermal-generated electricity was first produced at Larderello, Italy, in 1904. Iceland, Italy, Turkey and France are the leading countries in Europe today.<br /><br />The largest geothermal district heating systems within Europe can be found in the Paris area in France, with Austria, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Slovakia and others showing a substantial number of interesting geothermal district heating systems. Sweden, Switzerland, Germany and Austria are the leading countries in terms of market for geothermal heat pumps in Europe.<br />Geothermal Power<br /><br />Today, geothermal power plants exist on every continent, at any place were reservoirs of steam or hot water can be found. There are, with conventional technology, ca. 1000 MW of electric power installed in the EU, around the clock. The relevant resources are far from being fully developed, also in Europe. The concept of Enhanced Geothermal Systems (including the classical Hot-Dry-Rock-idea) is going to tremendously increase the potential.<br />Deep and directly<br /><br />The earth is full of energy: virtually any temperature level in the underground can be used directly, for instance with deep boreholes. Did you know that through deep boreholes almost 4500 MWth are already installed in Europe? 4500 MWth for a clean environment. However, once again, this is only a small fraction of the resources that could be exploited. CROATIAN CENTER of RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCEShttps://www.blogger.com/profile/05011398290645757327noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2827472050497661940.post-43722142809057346082012-12-01T08:54:46.012+01:002012-12-01T08:54:46.012+01:00Geothermal World Report
The Geothermal Report con...Geothermal World Report<br /><br />The Geothermal Report contains a global assessment of geothermal energy developments and deployments. 2010 appeared to be a weak year for geothermal with few projects commissioned and only in existing markets. However, this is not indicative of the state of the sector as a whole. As more money was invested in geothermal last year than the previous year. Several projects are now in the advanced stages of development, e.g. in the US alone there is 722 MW of project in phase 3 and 4, and support for the sector is strong. Specifically, Japan and Indonesia are relaxing rules on developing geothermal projects on protected land, which should open up more sites for development. Over the next five years high growth markets for the sector are expected to continue to be the top six main markets, Kenya, Iceland, Mexico and South America. For the latter, developers have already been awarded concessions to explore new sites in Argentina, Colombia, Chile and Peru. In the middle of 2010 the Chilean government announced plans to invest up to USD 200 million in geothermal projects and will grant over 170 geothermal concessions over the next two years, which should result in the country installing its first generation plant in the mid-term. Kenya and Mexico and the other six major markets are likely to commission projects in the advanced stages of development.<br /><br />Scope<br /><br />Over the next five years high growth markets for the sector are expected to continue to be the top six main markets, Kenya, Iceland, Mexico and South America. For the latter, developers have already been awarded concessions to explore new sites in Argentina, Colombia, Chile and Peru. In the middle of 2010 the Chilean government announced plans to invest up to USD 200 million in geothermal projects and will grant over 170 geothermal concessions over the next two years, which should result in the country installing its first generation plant in the mid-term. Kenya and Mexico and the other six major markets are likely to commission projects in the advanced stages of development. As part of a strategy to raise revenue Iceland is considering exporting electricity to other countries. A feasibility study is being undertaken to build a sub-sea electric cable linking Iceland to Europe to sell electricity generated from geothermal projects to Britain, Norway, Holland and Germany. Another potential growth market is Japan. The country's geothermal power plants were largely unaffected by the recent earthquake and tsunami unlike the Fukushima nuclear power plant. As both provide base load electricity and Japan has a good geothermal re-source. Australia is also developing geothermal projects, and has several EGS and Hot Sedimentary Aquifer (HSA) projects in the pipeline. Cost is still a major barrier to the development of projects and access to finance for the exploratory stages is still a challenge.CROATIAN CENTER of RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCEShttps://www.blogger.com/profile/05011398290645757327noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2827472050497661940.post-54895280841175624772012-11-29T13:57:38.816+01:002012-11-29T13:57:38.816+01:00Geothermal energy taps the heat from beneath the e...Geothermal energy taps the heat from beneath the earth's surface to generate electricity. Existing reservoirs of steam or hot water are brought to the surface to power electrical generators throughout the Croatia. In the future, the intense heat deep below the surface will accessed for electricity generation by the advanced engineering of reservoirs all across the country.<br /><br />In addition to electricity production, lower temperature geothermal resources are used for direct heating applications and the constant temperature that exists at shallow depths can be used as an energy-efficient method of heating and cooling, called ground-source heat pumps. Croatian Center of Renewable Energy Sources (CCRES)CROATIAN CENTER of RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCEShttps://www.blogger.com/profile/05011398290645757327noreply@blogger.com